Nihoa Finch

The Nīhoa finch (Hawaiian: palihoa) is one of the two endemic bird species of the tiny Hawaiian island of Nīhoa, the other being the Nīhoa millerbird. The island's population is 1000–3000 birds. The Nīhoa finch was added to the Endangered Species List by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service on March 11, 1967. An attempt to protect the species against extinction was made by starting a colony on French Frigate Shoals, another leeward island. This would ensure its continued existence in case the Nīhoa population was wiped out. This attempt, however, failed. Nīhoa is part of a group of islands that make up the Hawaiian Islands National Wildlife Refuge which provides protected land for the Nīhoa finch to roam on. In August 2026, 49 Nīhoa finch were translocated to Kapou Island, also known as Lisianski Island/Papaʻāpoho, to establish an insurance population, the third single-island species translocation in the NW Hawaiian Islands after Laysan Finch and Nīhoa Millerbird.